Violence on Televison :: TV Violence

The Effects of Violence on Television What has our society come to these days? Everywhere we look, violence is present; in the streets, back alleys, school, and even at home. Even if one might be a pacifist, violence will seep its way into our homes through the television. Some children that see violence on television are pulled into its harmful deceptions of problem solving. Scientists have tried to explain why children are so amused by a big glowing box and the action that takes place within it. Research shows that television is a major source of violence for children. This research shows us that violence appeals to every audience, including children. The effects have been seen in a number of cases. One example, from Alabama, was when a nine-year-old boy received a bad report card from his teacher. He suggested to one of his friends that he send the teacher poisoned candy as revenge. He had seen the same scenario on television the night before. In California, a 7 year old boy sprinkled ground-up glass into the lamb stew the family was to eat for dinner. When asked why he did it he replied that he wanted to see if the results would be the same in real life as they were on television (Howe 72). Some people might not accept a child’s diversion of blame, but it must be pointed out that all of children claimed to have seen a similar act on television. We should not hold television directly responsible for these acts, but understand that it is television that plants a violent seed in the minds of these children. Some psychologists and psychiatrists feel that continued exposure to such violence might unnaturally speed up the impact of the adult world on the child. This can force the child into a kind of premature maturity. As the child matures into an adult, he can become bewildered, have a greater distrust towards others, a superficial approach to adult problems, and even an unwillingness to become an adult (Carter 14). Others see television as an unhealthy imposition into a child’s learning process, substituting easy pictures for the discipline of reading and concentrating and transforming the young viewer into a hypnotized non-thinker (Langone 48). As you can see, television violence can disrupt a child’s learning and thinking ability, which will cause life long problems. The television violence can cause actual violence in a number of ways. Violence on Televison :: TV Violence The Effects of Violence on Television What has our society come to these days? Everywhere we look, violence is present; in the streets, back alleys, school, and even at home. Even if one might be a pacifist, violence will seep its way into our homes through the television. Some children that see violence on television are pulled into its harmful deceptions of problem solving. Scientists have tried to explain why children are so amused by a big glowing box and the action that takes place within it. Research shows that television is a major source of violence for children. This research shows us that violence appeals to every audience, including children. The effects have been seen in a number of cases. One example, from Alabama, was when a nine-year-old boy received a bad report card from his teacher. He suggested to one of his friends that he send the teacher poisoned candy as revenge. He had seen the same scenario on television the night before. In California, a 7 year old boy sprinkled ground-up glass into the lamb stew the family was to eat for dinner. When asked why he did it he replied that he wanted to see if the results would be the same in real life as they were on television (Howe 72). Some people might not accept a child’s diversion of blame, but it must be pointed out that all of children claimed to have seen a similar act on television. We should not hold television directly responsible for these acts, but understand that it is television that plants a violent seed in the minds of these children. Some psychologists and psychiatrists feel that continued exposure to such violence might unnaturally speed up the impact of the adult world on the child. This can force the child into a kind of premature maturity. As the child matures into an adult, he can become bewildered, have a greater distrust towards others, a superficial approach to adult problems, and even an unwillingness to become an adult (Carter 14). Others see television as an unhealthy imposition into a child’s learning process, substituting easy pictures for the discipline of reading and concentrating and transforming the young viewer into a hypnotized non-thinker (Langone 48). As you can see, television violence can disrupt a child’s learning and thinking ability, which will cause life long problems. The television violence can cause actual violence in a number of ways.

Common Inventory System Problems & Solution Essay

Symptoms: Preoccupation with the forecast within the execution time frame. Typically, companies begin altering their forecast management processes when addressing supply chain performance. But this is unwise without understanding the nature of your demand and the root causes of forecast errors. When forecast accuracy is overemphasized, fill rates and inventory turns don’t improve, even when forecast accuracy does. No measure of customer service or inventory turns. Customers must be satisfied on an ongoing basis for a company to achieve long-term sustainability. Yet, inventory managers often have no idea how well customers’ needs are being met. Similarly, without knowing how quickly inventory moves through the value-creation-and-delivery system, a company won’t be able to manage inventory levels. Daily planning is based on a back order report. This is an entirely reactive model. Today’s fast-paced marketplace requires proactive inventory planning to meet current demand. Customers will switch to a competitor if their needs are consistently unmet in the time frame they dictate. Solutions: Mandatory tracking of fill rate and inventory turns for all product lines. Product managers should know these measures at all times. Fill rate should be measured daily, while inventory-turn measures will vary based on sales and production cycles. The important thing is that managers are both tracking and working to improve these rates. Develop realistic forecast-error measures. Developing realistic measures for how much forecast error you can tolerate without a SKU stock-out is essential. Typically, companies estimate plus or minus 10 for this measure, which equals about two days worth of inventory-a miniscule amount considering that companies often have weeks or months worth of inventory. Effective forecast management and inventory planning require accurate data, so accurate forecast error measures are a must. Mistake No. 2: Having unqualified employees manage inventory Symptoms: A sentiment that â€Å"our business is different because (fill in the blank).† Every company has inventory planning challenges, such as variable demand. No business is so different that it would not benefit from strategic  inventory management. Decentralized inventory management. If warehouse managers, office clerks, and other employees without specific inventory-management training are making inventory-management decisions, then it is certain that wasteful inventory is piling up throughout the system. Usually, this model reflects a company with no clear goals or strategy for inventory planning. Lack of formal training program or professional peer interaction. Inventory management is a professional skill that requires upfront and ongoing education. Emphasizing â€Å"buying† over planning. Buyers make purchases, but planners make strategic decisions to meet goals. Thinking of inventory planning from a purely â€Å"buying† point of view means opportunities for improvement and financial benefits will be overlooked—daily. Solutions: Recognize that inventory management requires professional job skills, and hire and train accordingly. Just as a company with hundreds of thousands of free dollars on its balance sheet would hire professional investment advisers, a company with hundreds of thousands of dollars in inventory should have professional inventory managers. Assign accountability for inventory management. Often, companies can’t answer the question, â€Å"Who is in charge of making sure inventory levels support strategic goals?† If no one is, then these inventory planning goals will never be met. TOP 5 SOLUTIONS: 1. Use reorder points on inventory items to keep purchasing streamlined and inventory manageable. Reorder points (otherwise known as min. and max. levels) are the best method for making sure you have the right amount of inventory in your warehouse at all times. If you have too little inventory you could lose out on sales, but if you have too much your cash is tied up in inventory that will not be sold. One of the biggest problems many companies have is managing their cash. A quick way to solve that from an inventory standpoint is by making sure you have set the appropriate reorder points for your business. 2. Spend money on specialized training for mission-critical software. Companies with a lot of inventory spend thousands of dollars on software they need in order to manage and track their items as  they move all over the world. This software manages millions of dollars’ worth of assets. After spending so much money on software, some companies don’t want to spend a f ew thousand dollars extra to buy the specialized training they need to implement the software. This is a big mistake because this software won’t do you any good if you don’t spend a little bit more to learn how to use it. If you try to learn your software on your own you may suffer for months before you learn the basics of how it works. 3. Rearrange the warehouse to set up for picking efficiencies. Sometimes trainers see mistakes that are so obvious you would think they’d be corrected immediately, but warehouse managers may be too distracted to notice them. We often see 100,000-square-foot warehouses that are organized inefficiently. These companies could save themselves large sums of money by making a few changes to where they place their inventory. The items that you sell the most or send out the most should be right next to the shipping dock. This keeps your employees from having to walk all the way across the warehouse to pick them up every time you are going to send them out. As companies grow, sometimes they just randomly put things where there is sp ace. This works for a little while, but as you grow you need to think about efficiency because the minutes that your employees spend driving around the forklift cost you money. 4. Take time to get to know your technology so that you can use all the functionality. Rarely will a company use all of the functionality their software provides. Most of the time there is more that the software can do for you that you haven’t explored. Software companies always hear from their customers about which features they want added to the software when a lot of the time the features are already there. The more features that you use in the software the more effective you can be in managing your inventory. You should either assign someone within the company to learn the software functionality or pay someone to come in and teach it to you. 5. Stop doing yearly physical inventories and move to a more regular, smaller cycle counting and reconciling routine. Businesses used to shut down for a day to a week each year to go into their warehouse and physically count everything to make sure that it matched the information in their software. This practice is mostly outdated because of the amount of time and money it takes. Doing these checks in smaller, more regular cycles keeps a company from having to shut down. We recommend picking one section each day to check  your product levels against the information from your inventory software.

Views of Marriage in Jane Austens Emma Essay - 954 Words

Views of Marriage in Jane Austens Emma The dominant theme that constantly runs through this novel is that of marriage. All of the important activities of the novel are focused around various attempts from Emma, to arrange them, prevent them, or hinder them; this idea is empathized in both chapter 1, where Emma replies in discussion to Miss Taylors marriage I made up my mind on the subject. I planned the match from that hour, and in chapter 7 when Emma is told by Harriet of Mr Martins proposal and uses clever manipulation over Harriet to influence her rejecting decision: You think I ought to refuse him then?...Ought to refuse him! My dear Harriet, what do you mean? Are you in doubt as to that?...I lay down a general†¦show more content†¦For middle class women such as Emma and Jane Fairfax, making a suitable marriage was an important matter. Emmas great wealth which she appears to have control of produces her reasons in which she does not need to be married, and should stay independent: Emma acknowledges this in chapter 10, I must see somebody very superior to anyone I have seen yet, to be tempted. Here Emma is beside herself and highlights almost a snobbishness of a class society that continues to run though the novel. It is this idea of a class society that Emma tends to use as her framework for her match making. Within chapter ten, the whole conversation between Harriet and Emma is particularly based upon the subject of marriage. Emma declares that she has non of the usual inducements of women to marry. Apart from love, which is the only thing that Emma says would induce her to marry, she mentions three reasons why a middle-class women might be anxious to change her single state; to increase her material property, to increase her social importance, and to have an occupation has mistress of the house. Each one of these Emma already withholds in some way or another, introducing an idea that Emma may never actually marry. This builds up a structure of reaction for when Emma is later proposed to by both Mr Elton and then Mr Knightley. In the world of Austen, marriageShow MoreRelatedThe Fellowship Of Marriage And Marriage1661 Words   |  7 PagesThe Fellowship of Marriage Marriage has always been a convoluted subject to every era of time, especially when wealth is brought into the equation of it. During the Romantic Era, the state of marriage illustrated women’s continued inequality in society. For instance, women lacked legal equality once they entered marriage due to coverture, which is the condition of a woman during her married life, when she is under the law of being the authority of and protection of her husband. This basically entailsRead MoreEssay Feminism and Jane Austens Emma1151 Words   |  5 Pagesfeminist in social status was not popular by that time, author can only through literature to express her thought and discontented about society. Jane Austen’s Emma advocates a concept about the equality of men and women. Also satirizes women would depend on marriage in exchange to make a living or money in that era. By the effect of society bourgeois, Emma has little self-arrogant. She is a middle class that everyone could admire , â€Å"Young, pretty, rich and clever†, she has whatever she needs. She disdainsRead MoreJane Austen s Criticism And Judgment Of Socially Constructed Beliefs Of Women1199 Words   |  5 Pagesunconventional female characters that defied social customs, Jane Austen utilized her literary pieces as a framework to critique misogynist beliefs formed by society. Living in a patriarchal society dominated by men and harsh gender roles in England, Jane Austen sought to transform cultural values. She used the ideology of marriage and her heroines’ refusal of courtship to effectively and strategically chastise sexist views on gender and marriage. Her development of defiant characters showcases her strongRead MoreMarriage and Social Classes in the Novel Emma by Jane Austen692 Words   |  3 PagesMarriage and Social Classes in the Novel Emma Marriage has no always been about the love and happiness two people bring eachother; instead it was concidered to be more of a business transaction. Emma by Jane Austen takes place during the early twentieth century, this time period was completly absorabed in social classes and had a much different view on marriage than today. Through the young, bold, wealthy, and beautiful character Emma Woodhouse, Jane Austen exposes the protocol of marriage asRead More Genteel People and Honest Hearts in Jane Austens Emma Essay examples1575 Words   |  7 PagesEmma:   Genteel People and Honest Hearts  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Emma, Jane Austen gives us ‘only the surface of the lives of genteel people’?   Though not necessarily a commonly used term today, the meaning of ‘genteel people’ is easily assumed. Good birth and breeding are not necessarily the only ‘qualities’ of genteel people: simple generosity, courtesy and elegance can also apply, as well as marriage into the class. The majority of the characters in Emma to some extent expand this definition to provideRead MoreEmmas Management of Harriets Affairs in Jane Austens Emma Essay593 Words   |  3 PagesEmmas Management of Harriets Affairs in Jane Austens Emma In this novel, Jane Austen uses the relationship between Emma and Harriet to highlight the important issues. She uses Emmas management of Harriet to do this. She creates contrast between Emma and Harriet, she portrays Emma as beautiful and intelligent though we can still see faults in her personality. The main fault is her desire to control people and matchmake them. This also raises issues, including the Read MoreEmma by Jane Austen Essay783 Words   |  4 PagesIn Emma Jane Austen exposes the limitations of the role of women in her society. Examine Austen’s presentation of what is called in the novel, women’s usual occupations of eye, and hand, and mind. Emma – Role of Woman In Emma Jane Austen exposes the limitations of the role of women in her society. Examine Austen’s presentation of what is called in the novel, ‘women’s usual occupations of eye, and hand, and mind’. In Jane Austen’s society, the role of women was controlled by what was Read MoreEssay on Jane Austen Novels: Success After Death1679 Words   |  7 PagesJane Austen Novels: Success after Death Chuck Leddy, a notable critic, stated Upon her death in 1817, English novelist Jane Austen was completely unknown in the literary world. Why would someone as brilliant as Jane Austen not be world known? By 1817, Austen had already published one of her masterpieces Sense and Sensibility, and it seemed to not bring in as much success as it would later on in life. But the dry spell would eventually end. Two hundred years after Jane Austens death, her booksRead MoreTheme of Transformation in Emma1209 Words   |  5 PagesEmma also transforms into a proper woman through correcting her original neglect. Trollope states that â€Å"[i]n every passage of the book she is in fault for some folly, some vanity, some ignorance, or indeed for some meanness† (7)19. Because of her ignorance toward attitudes of her neighbors, Emma interferes through their lives in a way that makes them unhappy, for â€Å"she had often been negligent† (Austen 359)20. Mr. Knightley predicts the outcome of Emma’s plans in the beginning of the novel when heRead MoreLizzy or Emma - A Critique of Jane Austens Heroines Essay2237 Words   |  9 Pages42 years Jane Austen’s (1775- 1817) view of the world was genial and kindly. She had a clear sighted vision of the world where she amused herself with other’s foibles and self - deception, gave love to those who deserve to be loved and most certainly gave a light hearted satirical view of the society. Marilyn Butler in her book Jane Austen writes that, â€Å"Jane had the happiness of temper that never required to be commanded. Cassandra, who knew her best, received letters in which Jane sounded dissatisfied

Homemeade Kinetic Sand Recipe

Kinetic sand is sand that sticks to itself, so you can form clumps and mold it with your hands. Its also easy to clean up because it sticks to itself. Kinetic sand is an example of a dilatant or non-Newtonian fluid that increases its viscosity under stress. You may be familiar with another non-Newtonian fluid, oobleck. Oobleck resembles a liquid until you squeeze or punch it, and then it feels solid. When you release the stress, oobleck flows like a liquid. Kinetic sand is similar to oobleck, but it is stiffer. You can mold the sand into shapes, but after a few minutes to hours, they will flow into a lump. You can buy kinetic sand in stores or online, but its a simple and fun science project to make this educational toy yourself. Heres what you do: Kinetic Sand Materials Fine play sandDimethicone [polydimethylsiloxane, CH3[Si(CH3)2O]nSi(CH3)3] Use the finest sand that you can find. Fine craft sand works better than playground sand. You can experiment with colored sand, but be aware the dyes may not work for the project. Kinetic sand that you buy in the store consists of 98% sand and 2% polydimethylsiloxane (a polymer). Polydimethylsiloxane is known more commonly as dimethicone, and it is found in hair anti-frizz gel, diaper rash cream, a variety of cosmetics, and in pure form from a cosmetics supply store. Dimethicone is sold in different viscosities. A good viscosity for this project is dimethicone 500, but you can experiment with other products. How to Make Kinetic Sand Spread dry sand out in a pan and allow it to dry overnight, or place it in a 250 F oven for a couple of hours to drive off any water. If you heat the sand, let it cool before proceeding.Mix 2 grams of dimethicone with 100 grams of sand. If you want to make a bigger batch, use the same ratio. For example, you would use 20 grams of dimethicone with 1000 grams (1 kilogram) of sand.If the sand wont stick together, you can add more dimethicone, a gram at a time, until you get the consistency you want. Homemade kinetic sand is similar to what you would buy, but the commercial product uses super-fine sand, so it may behave a bit differently.Use cookie cutters, a bread knife, or sandbox toys to shape the kinetic sand.  Store your sand in a sealed bag or container when you arent using it. Recipe for Homemade Kinetic Sand Using Cornstarch Cornstarch is the material mixed with water to make oobleck and ooze. If you cant find dimethicone or are looking for a cheaper alternative, you can make homemade kinetic sand that is essentially oobleck with sand. It will not be as easy to mold as dimethicone sand, but its still fun for younger explorers. The advantage over regular play sand is that this recipe will stick together, so you can have an indoor sandbox without tracking as much sand all over your home. Materials Large plastic tub or a small pool6 cups cornstarch6 cups water50-lb bag of play sand ​​Instructions First, make the oobleck by mixing the corn starch and water.Stir in the sand until you get the consistency you want. Its okay to add a bit more of any ingredient to get the perfect sand.If you like, you can also add a squirt of dishwashing detergent or a couple of spoonfuls of tea tree oil to help prevent bacteria or mold from growing on the sand.The sand will dry out over time. When this happens, you can add more water.

Frida, By Julie Taymor - 762 Words

â€Å"Frida† the movie was released in 2002 and directed by Julie Taymor. The cast included Salma Hayek as (Frida), Alfred Molina as (Diego Rivera), Ashley Judd, Antonio Banderas, Edward Norton, Mia Maestro, and Geoffrey Rush. The film is a biography of the life of Mexican artist Frida Kahlo. She is a woman who came from a very simple background. Kahlo rose to fame as an artist with an unique vision for her craft. She endured a difficult relationship with her husband/mentor Diego Rivera. Many of her paintings are based on her experiences in life. She is also an artist who from the opinion of many, painted from her soul. Director Julie Taymor was able to capture and visually show us the life of Frida by using creative and dynamic angles to bring Frida s paintings to life. Frida’s rise to success was defined by the challenges she faced throughout her life. She had this sense of durability, strength and resilience. She was rude, bold and also smoked and drank like the men around her. At first Frida painted what she felt, but it wasn’t for anyone to see or to be sold. She would paint it and express every tragedy that affected her. In my opinion, her rise began once she witnessed her husband having and affair with her sister. It hurt her so much inside the only way to describe how she felt and let it out was she had to paint it. After that, she went on her own and continued painting her pain. Through out her life she went through many hardships that caused her pain internally.Show MoreRelatedFrida, By Julie Taymor766 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"Frida† the movies was released in 2002 and directed by Julie Taymor. The cast included Salma Hayek as (Frida), Alfred Molina as (Diego Rivera), Ashley Judd, Antonio Banderas, Edward Norton, Mia Maestro, and Geoffrey Rush. â€Å"Frida† is a biography of the life of Mexican artist Frida Khalo). She is a woman who came from a very simple background. She rose to fame as an artist with a very interesting vision for her craft. She endured a very difficult relationship with her husband/mentor Diego RiveraRead MoreFrida Is A 2002 Film By Julie Taymor1139 Words   |  5 PagesFrida is a 2002 film by Julie Taymor that mirrors the life of esteemed artist Frida Kahlo. The first scene of the movie serves only to foreshadow the last scene of the movie, depicting Kahlo lying on bed, being loaded onto the back of a truck. The movie then flashes to the Kahlo’s younger days in 1922 when she was around fifteen years of age. She is shown in a school where she gathers friends to watch Diego Riviera work, this yet again portrays an important facet of Kahlo’s future. We then learnRead MoreFilm Analysis Of The Film Frida, By Julie Taymor963 Words   |  4 PagesDirector, Julie Taymor, released the film Frida on October 25th, 2002. The film is a true story of Frida Kahlo and her husband Diego Rivera, who have been and still are Mexico’s most acclaimed artists. The film was portrayed like Kahlo’s paintings, with vibrant colors that showed her creativity and pride for her Mexican background. Not only did the film contain a deep resonance of dark pain that represented the pain in Kahlo’s life, but also the recognition and acknowledgement of Kahlo’s strugglesRead MoreFrida Film Analysis Essay1148 Words   |  5 PagesFrida and the Role of Women During the 1930’s and 1940’s, women of the world held virtually one role and one role only†¦homemaker. This was no different for the women of Mexico, except for one woman in particular, Frida Kahlo. Frida refused to accept the current ideals of society and the accepted social norms by engaging in things that few women in history ever had. Frida was involved in politics, she was promiscuous with men and women, she painted pictures of herself in ways that had never beenRead MoreFilm Analysis : Frida Kahlo1181 Words   |  5 Pages I don’t usually watch bright, colorful movies but I definitely would make an exception for Frida. The colors and the score used in the film always heightened a scene’s mood, whether it be joy or despair. The film utilized bright colors so often that their absence had a profound effect when Kalho dealt with loneliness and heartbreak. I’ve always thought Frida Kahlo as an extremely interesting person. In the movie, s he was interesting in her defiance of gender norms and zeal for life. She never letRead MoreThe Inspiration of Frida Kahlo Essay1343 Words   |  6 Pagesknowledge. Later another artist emerged with the same ability, Frida Kahlo. She used her life as her canvas; allowed people to view the world from behind the surrealistic doors. In addition, she was able to present self-portraits in many forms, all influenced by a tragic bus accident which led to a broken spine that affected her whole life. Described mostly in the film Frida directed by Julie Taymor, and the book Frida: A Biography of Frida Kahlo written by Hayden Herrera, Kahlo’s portraits made viewersRead MoreFilm Music Critique Essay606 Words   |  3 Pagesdepicting the time and place the movie is taking place. In the movie Heat, Elliot Goldenthal does just that. Goldenthal was born in NY in 1954 and studied music under John Corigliano and Aaron Copeland. His partner is Julie Taymor and he won an Oscar for the movi e Frida which Julie directed. Goldenthal has composed for several films as well as concert halls, theater and dance. He also has written an opera Grendel, which premiered in 1996 by The LA Opera Company. The movie opens with the mainRead MoreThe Invisible Woman: Female Directors in Hollywood2710 Words   |  11 Pageshas directed a small number of films to wide acclaim, including, Lost in Translation, The Virgin Suicides, and Marie Antoinette. Julie Taymor, perhaps most famous for her Broadway direction of The Lion King (and most recently, her disaster-ridden Broadway production, Spiderman: Turn out the Lights) directed such artistic achievements as Across the Universe, and Frida. Catherine Hardwicke turned out such hits as Thirteen and Twilight, and Amy Heckerling gave us youth films like Fast Times at Rigemont

Cigarette Tax Free Essays

Section 1: â€Å"Cigarette tax hike sparks panic buying† By Ashley Hall Updated Thu Apr 29, 2010 What is the main issue presented in the media report? Discuss what has actually happened: In the year of 2010, the Federal Government raised taxes on cigarettes by an extra 25 per cent, resulting in an increase price of $2. 16 to every pack of 30 cigarettes. A proclamation stated by Prime Minister Kevin Rudd on the crackdown on Internet advertising of cigarettes was mentioned. We will write a custom essay sample on Cigarette Tax or any similar topic only for you Order Now Mr. Rudd also affirmed ‘the government will spend $27. million on an anti-smoking campaign (Hall, 2010) This media report outlines the publics impulsive buying of cigarettes upon the government’s mention of the very rapid increase in taxes, thus resulting in an upward increase in price. It mentions the dismays retailers and tobacconists faced due to the tax hike. Further more, mentioning the concerns of philanthropists and other individuals. Highlight the reason for the issue being raised: This issue was one that arose quite soon after its announcement, as it impacted the country in its majority in numerous ways. The justification behind this issue was the government’s lack of planning. The release of the tax hike occurred only several hours before its prospected start of midnight that night, which ultimately left little or possibly even no time to adjust and prepare for the subsequent price increase. (Hall, 2010) Outline what possible impacts this change could have: The unexpected change posed many impacts on an abundant area of the population. The change impacted the consumers (smokers), the suppliers/producers, retailers/tobacconists, charity workers and the government. The sudden publication of the price increase would lead to a majority of smokers purchasing larger amounts of cigarettes than usual, in an attempt to purchase the product at a cheaper price rather than at its increased price. The retailers/tobacconists face the prospects of higher demands and physical impossibilities such as lack of stock and time to prepare. Although on the contrary as stated by the executive director of Quit Victoria â€Å"100,000 people will quit smoking as the result of the price increase and 250,000 children will not take up the habit†. (Hall, 2010) From another viewpoint, the rapid increase in tax had an immediate negative impact on the number of people seeking assistance. This is solely the case, as a widely held proportion of smokers come from low-income groups, â€Å"In fact, people from low-income groups are 13 times more likely to quit smoking in the face of a prime increase than those from higher income groups†. (Hall, 2010) Who are the key stakeholders that are impacted by the issue outlined in the report? The key groups that may be impacted by the issues raised in this report are ultimately the key stakeholders; i. e. he customers, suppliers, regulators and competitors. The customers (smokers) are faced with the increased price on packets of cigarettes. Which ultimately puts an excise burden on consumer’s income. The suppliers were faced with a rapid increase in demand in the hours before the implementation of the tax increase, and perpetual demand between the periods after the tax. This is due to the noti on that smokers are not willing to go cold turkey over night simply due to an increase of $2. 16, but ultimately the possible immediate decline in number of packets bought/sold in the event prior to the tax increase. Suppliers are also faced with the concern of consumers opting for substitute goods (This means a good’s demand is increased when the price of another good is increased) for example replacing cigarettes with chewing gum (even considering that cigarettes are inelastic). (McTaggart, 2010) Regulators, which in this case are the Government, are faced with constant scrutiny regarding their decisions and lack of planning. However, this tax hike increased an extra $5 billion over four years, which the Government would put towards its health and hospitals overhaul (Hall, 2010). So evidently, back into the economy. An increase in people seeking assistance will also place possible strains on charity workers, as people will continue to spend money on cigarettes rather than necessities. Competitors are also faced with a possible increase in demand, as the price of one good is increased, the demand of the substitute good is increased (McTaggart, 2010). Students and groups of people from low socioeconomic status will be directly affected the greatest. For those who come from high-income classes, their wages are generally increasing as the 25 per-cent increment is implemented, which ultimately does not substantially affect their income as a whole. However, students and people from low socioeconomic status groups are giving up necessities of life to feed their smoking addictions. What economic theories can be dawn from this media report? Opportunity cost: Graph 1: The theory of Opportunity cost (Graph 1): the amount of other products that must be sacrificed to obtain an extra unit of any product. The opportunity cost refers to the benefit forgone from the best alternative use of resources. (McTaggart, 2010) As the economy moves from point B towards point C, it must give up successively larger amounts of good B to obtain the same equal increment in good C (Layton, 2009). In relation to cigarette tax, people from lower income groups are giving up the necessities in order to feed their smoking addiction. Demand, Supply and Elasticity: Graph 2: The demand for cigarettes increased during the period of the government’s announcement and until midnight when the price increase was implemented: i. e. a change in consumer’s expectations about future prices brings forward an increase in consumption. (McTaggart, 2010) Graph 3: Change in demand is where the demand has shifted to the left hand side. Rise in price will see a greater quantity supplied (quantity will rise), shift in supply curve. McTaggart, 2010), (Layton, 2009). From midnight the equilibrium shifted to the left side along the demand curve by the price increase. As the result, as it was mentioned above, the quantities demanded decreased, due to the tax increase. Result in consumer and producer paying the burden of the tax increase. (McTaggart, 2010) Section 2: â€Å"Apple Shares hit as iPhone sales Fall Short† Sky News Oct 19, 2011 What is the main issue presented in the media report? Apple, one of the leading technological companies in the world has recorded revenues uncharacteristically short of expectations. Wall street analysts predicted iPhone sales during their fourth quarter earnings to be ’20 million sales’, with a short fall of ’17 million sold’. With overall revenues recorded at $28. 3 billion, substantially short of expectations (Sky News, 2011). Apple new chief executive ‘Tim Cook’ does not seem concerned about the recorded short fall of the company since the passing of Co-founder Steve Jobs. Recorded losses in revenue for Apple fourth quarter could be significantly the result of many factors (Sky News, 2011). The main contributing factor, being the short after release of the iPhone 4s. Due to the release of the iPhone 4s, consumers were withholding from purchasing older models of the iPhone, with the thought ‘I would rather wait a litter longer to purchase a new and updated version’. Ultimately the thought of consumers’ posses’ greater opportunity for Apple sales in the future but resulted in revenue falling short in their fourth quarter. The recorded revenue had a negative impact on the company. With the actual versus predicted sales of the iPhone falling short, Apple shared dropped 5% upon the announcement (Sky News, 2011). A drop in share price negatively affected the company, especially since a drop in share price has now only occurred since the passing of co-founder Steve Jobs. A drop in share price could result in consumers questioning whether they should continue to purchase Apple products, or if the drop in share price is a signaling factor that there is a higher demand for substitute goods. This could be the case as many other leading technological companies are constantly trying to innovate new and improve models of phones, laptops and tablets to keep up with Apples constant improvements. For example Samsung release of their new tablet caused large amounts of disputes between themselves and Apple, as Apple saw a large opportunity for threat to sales of their iPad. Although this is the case, the new iPhone 4s has sky rocketing sales of four million in its first three days on the market. As new chief executive ‘Tim Cook’ said: â€Å"customer response to iPhone 4s has been fantastic, we have momentum going into the holiday season, and we remain really enthusiastic about our product pipeline. † (Sky News, 2011). Who are the key stakeholders that are impacted by the issue outlined in the report? The key groups that may be impacted by the issues raised in this report are ultimately the key stakeholders; i. e. the customers, suppliers, shareholders and competitors. The customers are ultimately those who predict they continuing success of the company, without customer sales Apple would not exist. The hit of Apple shares could negatively impact consumer sales. A decline in the share price could signal a train of though in consumers mind that possibly there is a need for greater innovative or the threat of higher competitors in regards to Apple products. If consumers are being told that a company is recording predicted short falls in their expected revenue consumer might be apposed to their products, resulting in customers opting for substitute goods. (McTaggart, 2010) The suppliers in this report are in fact Apple and all other retailers that stock Apple products. The short fall of iPhone sales resulted in a decrease in revenue. Which ultimately lead to a decrease in the price of Apple shares. A decrease in share price could lead to a decline in possible sales, which results in a supplier surplus. Suppliers have a greater number of products to sell in relating to consumers who are interested in buying their product (McTaggart, 2010). In the event of the release of the iPhone 4s, suppliers are faced with higher consumer demand, which could result in a shortage of iPhone 4s in relation to consumer demands. Apples brand name and reputation is a very important asset to the company, with this issue being raised, it could have an impact on one of their largest assets. Shareholders, are those individuals or companies who have financially invested an interest in Apple, a decrease in share price negatively impacts shareholders. Decline in the share price by 5% results in a decrease in the value of shareholders wealth. The final group that is impacted by issues of a decline in Apples share price is competitors. This could have a positive impact to competitors. Negative public announcement over such a large and dominant company could result in a substantial amount of consumers opting to purchase products competitors offer, simply due to the decisions of other individuals. A consistent pattern in the public shows, that if a product is negatively represented in more than one way consumers will be very reluctant to purchase that product. Resulting in a positive advantage for competitor’s products. The group that would be impacted the most would be the suppliers. They are the key foundation of the company, without continued success the company could face greater hardships and decline in sales leading to a decline in revenue and share price as which occurred in the month of October 2011. What economic theories can be drawn from this media report? Supply and Demand: Graph 1: Demand curve during period of Apple reporting shortfall of sales and decreased revenue in recording during their fourth quarter. The graph above is a representation of changes in demand. Apple change in demand during this period is caused by consumer expectations, tastes and preferences. Where the soon to be released iPhone 4s resulted in the decrease of current iPhone sales. (McTaggart, 2010), (Layton, 2009). Graph 2: The Above graph is a representation of the supply and demand curve during the first release of the iPhone 4s. The supple curve remains constant (from period before and after the release of the iPhone 4s). Where significant changes occurred in relationship to the demand curve. The increase in demand which resulted in a right ward shift of the demand curve was a direct result of ‘taste or preferences of consumers’ a key determinant in the changes in demand (Layton, 2009). This was the case as consumers withheld from purchasing older models of the iPhone with anticipation of purchasing the newer and improved version of the iPhone (iPhone 4s). This resulted in Apple experiencing greater quantities demanded as stated in the article â€Å"iPhone 4s has sky rocketing sales of four million in its first three days on the market†. Change in demand results in change in new equilibrium (Sky News, 2011). References: McTaggart, D. , Findlay, C. , and Parkin, M. (2010), Economics, Sixth Edition, Addison-Wesley, Sydney Lecture Slides, Blackboard, University of Technology, Sydney, Insearch (2011), Economics for Business Unknown. 2011, ‘Apple shares hit as iPhone sales fall Short’, Sky News, YAHOO, viewed 4 November 2011, http://news. yahoo. com/apple-earnings-hit-drop-iphone-sales-220800212. html Layton, A. , T. Robinson and I. Tucker (2009), Economics for Today, Cengage Learning Australia, Australia: South Melbourne. Faculty of Business (2010), Guide to Writing Assignments (3rd ed. ), Faculty of Business, University of Technology, Sydney How to cite Cigarette Tax, Papers

Twentieth Century Poetry Coursework Essay Example For Students

Twentieth Century Poetry Coursework Essay Telephone Conversation, by Wole Soyinka and You will be hearing from us shortly, by U.A.Fanthorpe both deal with prejudiced attitudes through the language and tone of the three speakers.  You will be hearing from us shortly, by U.A.Fanthorpe, depicts the degrading process of being interviewed and only the interviewers voice is conveyed to us. This is done to create a patronizing, condescending and haughty tone. At the beginning of the poem the tone seems polite but the sub-text is invariably insulting. This becomes more obvious as the poem progresses. The title You will be hearing from us shortly, is a clichà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ and is always heard in reference to the application of jobs and auditions. The clichà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ is not genuinely enthusiastic but typically aloof. It sets the tone of the poem in this way as the title is a phrase an unimpressed interviewer would use.  The interviewers responses are set on the right hand side of the page to make it easier for the reader to understand that these phrases are responses. If not set on the right hand side of the page, the reader would find it very difficult to understand which parts of the text were responses. This technique is also used to convey how insulting the responses are. In the first stanza, difficult questions, such as, You feel adequate to the demands of the position? are used to convey that the interviewers preconceptions of the candidate are that she is not adequate for the position. This is a difficult question to be asked as when answering a question of this nature you know that you are being judged upon how well you respond and you want to come across as confident but not boastful. The Ah response creates a silence as it is assumed that the interviewer was not impressed by the candidates answer to the question. The reply is also cold and the reader can see that it would crush the candidates confidence. The qualifications of the candidate are discussed in the second stanza. The first line begins, Let us. By using a plural Fanthorpe implies that the interviewer may be interviewers; for instance, the candidate may be in front of a panel. This creates a very intimidating atmosphere.  The candidate is shown to have good qualifications, as the interviewer refers to them as Impressive but this complement is followed directly by a degrading remark as the following line of the interviewer exclaims that they Are not, precisely what had in mind. The stanza ends with another difficult question, Would you care to defend their relevance? This conveys the interview situation as a time where you need to defend yourself and fight against negative preconceptions. The response Indeed is not encouraging as it avoids affirmation. The interviewee is again asked to defend herself in the third stanza, this time she is asked to defend her age by answering the question Now your age. Perhaps you feel able to make your own comment about that. This line shows that the interviewers are imploying a tactic of age discrimination but not, as one might assume that the candidate is too young. The interviewers are looking to employ someone with precisely the right degree of immaturity. This phrase is very tricky as it could mean anything. Fanthorpe is a woman writing in her sixties; perhaps she has heard this line before. Therefore maybe this poem is a recollection of a real situation. The response, So glad we agree, implies concordance with a sardonic tone, whereas really the candidate would be disagreeing with the panel. The panel in the fourth stanza insults the appearance of the candidate, and no longer even shows the decency of being subtle. In an incredulous tone the interviewer declares:   And now a delicate matter: your looks  You do appreciate this work involves  Contact with the actual public? Might they  Perhaps, find your appearance  Disturbing?  Placing the word Disturbing on its own is very effective. It gives the word extra emphasis as it is given a capital letter and there is a short pause before the word is said. It also stands out in the text as an invariably short line.  The class of the candidate is discussed in the fifth stanza. The panel discusses the candidates accent and schooling and refers to it as a handicap. This stanza conveys the employers as highly educated, condescending and prejudiced members of the old school tie network. The employers are very formal and seem to show no emotion.